Sedimentary stone is created by the hardening of sediment layers by pressure and low heat, usually under water. It often consists of layers or strata of sand, clay or organic sediments. The hardness and strength of sedimentary stone varies considerably.

• Examples: Flagstone, sandstone, shale and limestone
• View a comparison chart of flagstone

Igneous rock is formed from hot, molten material which cools and becomes solid. It may have been molten lava at shallow depths or magma.

• Examples: Granite, basal

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